For more than 25 years, MSX International has been a dedicated partner to leading automotive brands around the world. We support them in transforming their businesses and in managing their operations across the areas of Customer Experience, Repair Optimization, Learning and Insights. We focus on helping our clients generate more value for their customers. With over 5,000 employees based in more than 80 countries worldwide, our teams provide industry-leading expertise. We have combined our deep industry expertise with cutting-edge technology solutions to help our automotive clients increase revenue and reduce costs, while enhancing operational efficiency and improving customer satisfaction. Our goal is to help our customers reach their full potential and to excel as their global partner of choice.
Job DescriptionMSX International is seeking dynamic individuals to join our team. As a Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you’ll play a crucial role in the professional delivery, installation, and sustainment of the Ford/MSX International Mobile Service Program. Our goal is to improve dealership performance and drive sustained growth.
What Your Day-to- Day Responsibilities Include:
As the Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you will:
Be the subject matter expert and primary contact for all things related to Mobile Service for your assigned dealers. Understand how Mobile Service vehicle’s function and train technicians on their features. Facilitate strategic planning sessions with dealers to create business plans for success. Ensure dealers are ready to launch vans promptly upon arrival. Conduct launch events, aligning on business goals and training Mobile Service Technicians. Plan and execute tailored onsite sustainment meetings focused on Mobile Service business development with a consultative approach.Develop action plans to exceed program goals, focusing on service processes. Teach program standards and key success drivers with dealers. Monitor and motivate dealership Mobile Service personnel to provide excellent customer experiences. Create visit summaries and action plans for stakeholders. QualificationsQualified candidates must be highly motivated, self-starters who possess excellent customer relationship, communication and facilitation skills, with a high degree of interest in working in a field environment with minimal supervision. The successful candidate must also reflect an exceptional track record and attributes that includes:
Minimum of High School diploma or equivalent experience.Willingness to travel daily for work. Ability to adapt to different locations and engage with various audiences (MSX, Ford, Dealer). Proficiency in communication and relationship-building. Have OEM dealer contact experience (a plus). Successfully managed assigned territories or regions. Possess excellent verbal and written communication skills. Demonstrate proficiency with PC applications (Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Excel, MS Teams and Internet Explorer). Can leverage relationships to identify and sell the business case for change. Analyze data from dealer financials and operational assessments to establish action plans. Ability to lift and carry up to 40lbs.Ability to access and climb in & out of the Mobile Service Van during Mobile Service Trainings.Ability to stand or walk on hard surfaces for up to 2hrs at a time without breaks.Ability to understand, establish and implement effective metrics to keep dealerships focused on revenue growth and profitability.Ability to influence the service personnel and mobile service technicians in the training processes and monitoring the results.85% Travel required Weekly.
Overnight travel required.
Have ability to equally accommodate working from home office or remote location.
MSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessFor more than 25 years, MSX International has been a dedicated partner to leading automotive brands around the world. We support them in transforming their businesses and in managing their operations across the areas of Customer Experience, Repair Optimization, Learning and Insights. We focus on helping our clients generate more value for their customers. With over 5,000 employees based in more than 80 countries worldwide, our teams provide industry-leading expertise. We have combined our deep industry expertise with cutting-edge technology solutions to help our automotive clients increase revenue and reduce costs, while enhancing operational efficiency and improving customer satisfaction. Our goal is to help our customers reach their full potential and to excel as their global partner of choice.
Job DescriptionMSX International is seeking dynamic individuals to join our team. As a Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you’ll play a crucial role in the professional delivery, installation, and sustainment of the Ford/MSX International Mobile Service Program. Our goal is to improve dealership performance and drive sustained growth.
What Your Day-to- Day Responsibilities Include:
As the Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you will:
Be the subject matter expert and primary contact for all things related to Mobile Service for your assigned dealers. Understand how Mobile Service vehicle’s function and train technicians on their features. Facilitate strategic planning sessions with dealers to create business plans for success. Ensure dealers are ready to launch vans promptly upon arrival. Conduct launch events, aligning on business goals and training Mobile Service Technicians. Plan and execute tailored onsite sustainment meetings focused on Mobile Service business development with a consultative approach.Develop action plans to exceed program goals, focusing on service processes. Teach program standards and key success drivers with dealers. Monitor and motivate dealership Mobile Service personnel to provide excellent customer experiences. Create visit summaries and action plans for stakeholders. QualificationsQualified candidates must be highly motivated, self-starters who possess excellent customer relationship, communication and facilitation skills, with a high degree of interest in working in a field environment with minimal supervision. The successful candidate must also reflect an exceptional track record and attributes that includes:
Minimum of High School diploma or equivalent experience.Willingness to travel daily for work. Ability to adapt to different locations and engage with various audiences (MSX, Ford, Dealer). Proficiency in communication and relationship-building. Have OEM dealer contact experience (a plus). Successfully managed assigned territories or regions. Possess excellent verbal and written communication skills. Demonstrate proficiency with PC applications (Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Excel, MS Teams and Internet Explorer). Can leverage relationships to identify and sell the business case for change. Analyze data from dealer financials and operational assessments to establish action plans. Ability to lift and carry up to 40lbs.Ability to access and climb in & out of the Mobile Service Van during Mobile Service Trainings.Ability to stand or walk on hard surfaces for up to 2hrs at a time without breaks.Ability to understand, establish and implement effective metrics to keep dealerships focused on revenue growth and profitability.Ability to influence the service personnel and mobile service technicians in the training processes and monitoring the results.85% Travel required Weekly.
Overnight travel required.
Have ability to equally accommodate working from home office or remote location.
MSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessFor more than 25 years, MSX International has been a dedicated partner to leading automotive brands around the world. We support them in transforming their businesses and in managing their operations across the areas of Customer Experience, Repair Optimization, Learning and Insights. We focus on helping our clients generate more value for their customers. With over 5,000 employees based in more than 80 countries worldwide, our teams provide industry-leading expertise. We have combined our deep industry expertise with cutting-edge technology solutions to help our automotive clients increase revenue and reduce costs, while enhancing operational efficiency and improving customer satisfaction. Our goal is to help our customers reach their full potential and to excel as their global partner of choice.
Job DescriptionMSX International is seeking dynamic individuals to join our team. As a Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you’ll play a crucial role in the professional delivery, installation, and sustainment of the Ford/MSX International Mobile Service Program. Our goal is to improve dealership performance and drive sustained growth.
What Your Day-to- Day Responsibilities Include:
As the Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you will:
Be the subject matter expert and primary contact for all things related to Mobile Service for your assigned dealers. Understand how Mobile Service vehicle’s function and train technicians on their features. Facilitate strategic planning sessions with dealers to create business plans for success. Ensure dealers are ready to launch vans promptly upon arrival. Conduct launch events, aligning on business goals and training Mobile Service Technicians. Plan and execute tailored onsite sustainment meetings focused on Mobile Service business development with a consultative approach.Develop action plans to exceed program goals, focusing on service processes. Teach program standards and key success drivers with dealers. Monitor and motivate dealership Mobile Service personnel to provide excellent customer experiences. Create visit summaries and action plans for stakeholders. QualificationsQualified candidates must be highly motivated, self-starters who possess excellent customer relationship, communication and facilitation skills, with a high degree of interest in working in a field environment with minimal supervision. The successful candidate must also reflect an exceptional track record and attributes that includes:
Minimum of High School diploma or equivalent experience.Willingness to travel daily for work. Ability to adapt to different locations and engage with various audiences (MSX, Ford, Dealer). Proficiency in communication and relationship-building. Have OEM dealer contact experience (a plus). Successfully managed assigned territories or regions. Possess excellent verbal and written communication skills. Demonstrate proficiency with PC applications (Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Excel, MS Teams and Internet Explorer). Can leverage relationships to identify and sell the business case for change. Analyze data from dealer financials and operational assessments to establish action plans. Ability to lift and carry up to 40lbs.Ability to access and climb in & out of the Mobile Service Van during Mobile Service Trainings.Ability to stand or walk on hard surfaces for up to 2hrs at a time without breaks.Ability to understand, establish and implement effective metrics to keep dealerships focused on revenue growth and profitability.Ability to influence the service personnel and mobile service technicians in the training processes and monitoring the results.MSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessMSX has been a trusted partner to leading vehicle manufacturers, their retailers, and mobility organizations globally for more than 30 years. Our unwavering commitment is to help our clients transform their businesses and effectively manage operations in the areas of: Sales Performance; Repair Optimization and Compliance; Parts and Accessories Sales Performance; and Consumer Engagement. With our global teams, industry expertise, and the power of technology, we design and deliver tailored, sustainable, and innovative solutions and services that help our clients optimize their operations and captivate their customers.
Job DescriptionMSX International is currently seeking candidates to function as Subject Matter Experts that will support the activity of the Field Service Development Managers in each assigned region.
What Your Day-to- Day Responsibilities Include:
Implement service strategies with dealership personnel to grow the business, increase dealer profitability, customer satisfaction, and customer service retention. Implement, train and monitor dealers on service lane processes. Become a center of expertise with the following service lane tools: Service Workbench (SWB) and Online Service Scheduling (OSS).
Assist dealers in improving LOF/MPVI cycle times to under an hourMeet defined metric goals for assigned dealers within a set geographic areaTrack metric progress of assigned dealers within a geographic area of responsibility, while qualifying and evaluating new candidates for service strategy implementationEnsure dealer processes are in place to gather local competitive dataEnsure proper Business Development Center (BDC) service department integrationInterface with District Sales, Service, Parts and Zone management to insure cross communication of dealer process changes underway and any opportunities for improvementShare best practices, ideas, success stories and analysis techniques via the SDM forumPosition requires 90% travel timeComplete other special assignments if necessaryQualificationsMSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessMSX International is a Leading Global tier One supplier delivering services in the automotive industry, dedicated to enhancing service, sales, and processes within auto dealerships across the United States. We are committed to fostering growth and innovation, providing our employees with opportunities to advance and excel in their careers.
Job DescriptionWe are seeking motivated and ambitious new college graduates to join our team. These entry-level positions offer a unique opportunity to start at the ground level and train directly with MSX Experts in the Automotive field.
The role involves delivering services to our customers aimed at improving parts sales, and service processes within auto dealerships nationwide. With 80% travel, you will gain extensive experience and exposure to various aspects of the automotive service industry.
Key Responsibilities:
Assist in the management and execution of programs designed to enhance dealership service, sales, and operational processes.Collaborate with dealership teams to identify areas for improvement and implement effective solutions.Monitor program performance and provide regular updates to senior management.Conduct on-site visits to dealerships across the United States to ensure program success and compliance.Gather and analyze data to measure program effectiveness and identify opportunities for optimization.Support the development and delivery of training materials and workshops for dealership staff.QualificationsWhat We Offer:
Comprehensive training and development programs.Opportunities for career advancement within the organization.Exposure to various aspects of the automotive service industry.A dynamic and supportive work environment.How to Apply:
Interested candidates are invited to submit their resume and a cover letter detailing their qualifications and interest in the position to [Your Contact Information].
Join us at [Your Company Name] and embark on a rewarding career path in the automotive service industry. We look forward to welcoming you to our team!
MSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessMSX has been a trusted partner to leading vehicle manufacturers, their retailers, and mobility organizations globally for more than 30 years. Our unwavering commitment is to help our clients transform their businesses and effectively manage operations in the areas of: Sales Performance; Repair Optimization and Compliance; Parts and Accessories Sales Performance; and Consumer Engagement. With our global teams, industry expertise, and the power of technology, we design and deliver tailored, sustainable, and innovative solutions and services that help our clients optimize their operations and captivate their customers.
Job DescriptionThe Field Engineers are responsible for supporting the identification of quality issues and assisting with hands-on root cause analysis, support OEM Manufacturing, Engineering and Supplier Operations.
Day to Day Responsibilities
Provide on-site support to the dealer technicians and ensure the solution of productThe wage range for this role takes into account the wide range of factors that are considered in making compensation decisions including but not limited to skill sets, experience and training, and other business and organizational needs. The disclosed range estimate may not have been adjusted for the applicable geographic differential associated with the location at which the position may be filled. At MSXi, it is not typical for an individual to be hired at the top of the range for their role and compensation decisions are dependent on the facts and circumstances of each case. A reasonable estimate of the current range is $95k to $105k based on current experience.
MSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessMSX has been a trusted partner to leading vehicle manufacturers, their retailers, and mobility organizations globally for more than 30 years. Our unwavering commitment is to help our clients transform their businesses and effectively manage operations in the areas of: Sales Performance; Repair Optimization and Compliance; Parts and Accessories Sales Performance; and Consumer Engagement. With our global teams, industry expertise, and the power of technology, we design and deliver tailored, sustainable, and innovative solutions and services that help our clients optimize their operations and captivate their customers.
Job DescriptionMSX International is seeking dynamic individuals to join our team. As a Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you’ll play a crucial role in the professional delivery, installation, and sustainment of the Ford/MSX International Mobile Service Program. Our goal is to improve dealership performance and drive sustained growth.
What Your Day-to- Day Responsibilities Include:
As the Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you will:
Be the subject matter expert and primary contact for all things related to Mobile Service for your assigned dealers. Understand how Mobile Service vehicle’s function and train technicians on their features. Facilitate strategic planning sessions with dealers to create business plans for success. Ensure dealers are ready to launch vans promptly upon arrival. Conduct launch events, aligning on business goals and training Mobile Service Technicians. Plan and execute tailored onsite sustainment meetings focused on Mobile Service business development with a consultative approach.Develop action plans to exceed program goals, focusing on service processes. Teach program standards and key success drivers with dealers. Monitor and motivate dealership Mobile Service personnel to provide excellent customer experiences. Create visit summaries and action plans for stakeholders. QualificationsQualified candidates must be highly motivated, self-starters who possess excellent customer relationship, communication and facilitation skills, with a high degree of interest in working in a field environment with minimal supervision. The successful candidate must also reflect an exceptional track record and attributes that includes:
Minimum of High School diploma or equivalent experience.Willingness to travel daily for work. Ability to adapt to different locations and engage with various audiences (MSX, Ford, Dealer). Proficiency in communication and relationship-building. Have OEM dealer contact experience (a plus). Successfully managed assigned territories or regions. Possess excellent verbal and written communication skills. Demonstrate proficiency with PC applications (Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Excel, MS Teams and Internet Explorer). Can leverage relationships to identify and sell the business case for change. Analyze data from dealer financials and operational assessments to establish action plans. Ability to lift and carry up to 40lbs.Ability to access and climb in & out of the Mobile Service Van during Mobile Service Trainings.Ability to stand or walk on hard surfaces for up to 2hrs at a time without breaks.Ability to understand, establish and implement effective metrics to keep dealerships focused on revenue growth and profitability.Ability to influence the service personnel and mobile service technicians in the training processes and monitoring the results.85% Travel required Weekly.
Overnight travel required.
Have ability to equally accommodate working from home office or remote location.
MSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessFor more than 25 years, MSX International has been a dedicated partner to leading automotive brands around the world. We support them in transforming their businesses and in managing their operations across the areas of Customer Experience, Repair Optimization, Learning and Insights. We focus on helping our clients generate more value for their customers. With over 5,000 employees based in more than 80 countries worldwide, our teams provide industry-leading expertise. We have combined our deep industry expertise with cutting-edge technology solutions to help our automotive clients increase revenue and reduce costs, while enhancing operational efficiency and improving customer satisfaction. Our goal is to help our customers reach their full potential and to excel as their global partner of choice.
Job DescriptionSuccessful Assessment, Installation and Sustainment consultations of the Advanced Express Service Plus Program as outlined in the MSX Express Service program.
Dealership staff training as outlined in the MSX Express Service program documentationDealership In Person follow-up supportTimely and comprehensive completion of Contact ReportingImplement best practice processes within the Express Service and Express Service Plus operation ( Customer reception/greeting, workshop scheduling, repair processes, productivity and efficiency, quality control, invoice preparation, customer vehicle delivery, follow up call after repair, etc.)OEM National and Regional personnel contact- Consistent OEM Communication with Dealer MilestonesTimely completion and submission of field detail reports including communication logWeekly Expense reports submissionAbility to leverage relationships to identify and sell the business case for changeAnalyzing data from dealer financials and operational assessments to establish improvement action plansImplementation of advanced level Service Advisor selling systems and overall process improvement solutions at the aftermarket or retail levelAbility to understand, establish and implement effective metrics to keep dealerships focused on growth and ROIDemonstrated proficiency with PC applications in a Windows environment.Ability to influence Key Dealer Personnel and Service Department employees in the training processes and monitoring the results Ability and desire to travel up to 80% of the time and maintain client desired calendar efficiency.QualificationsRequires proficiency with Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Internet Explorer and Excel
Ability to leverage relationships to identify and sell the business case for change
Analyzing data from dealer financials and operational assessments to establish improvement action plans
Implementation of service advisor selling systems and overall process improvement solutions at the aftermarket or retail level
Ability to understand, establish and implement effective metrics to keep dealerships focused on growth and ROI
Demonstrated proficiency with PC applications in a Windows environment
Ability to train and utilize all aspects of Automotive Tire Sales and automotive service sales
Ability to influence the sales personnel and technicians in the training processes and monitoring the results
Highly motivated
Self-starters who possess excellent customer relationship, communication and facilitation skills, with a high degree of interest in working in a field environment with minimal supervision
Excellent verbal and written communication skills
Minimum 7 - 10 years of Aftermarket Experience (Jiffy Lube, Valvoline, “Fast Oil Change”) and preferably Retail Tire Store Management experience (Store Manager, Service Manager, Service Writer)
OEM dealer contact experience is a plus
Bachelor’s degree is preferred
MSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessFor more than 25 years, MSX International has been a dedicated partner to leading automotive brands around the world. We support them in transforming their businesses and in managing their operations across the areas of Customer Experience, Repair Optimization, Learning and Insights. We focus on helping our clients generate more value for their customers. With over 5,000 employees based in more than 80 countries worldwide, our teams provide industry-leading expertise. We have combined our deep industry expertise with cutting-edge technology solutions to help our automotive clients increase revenue and reduce costs, while enhancing operational efficiency and improving customer satisfaction. Our goal is to help our customers reach their full potential and to excel as their global partner of choice.
Job DescriptionMSX International is currently seeking candidates to function as Subject Matter Experts that will support the activity of the Field Service Development Managers in each assigned region.
What Your Day-to- Day Responsibilities Include:
Implement service strategies with dealership personnel to grow the business, increase dealer profitability, customer satisfaction, and customer service retention. Implement, train and monitor dealers on service lane processes. Become a center of expertise with the following service lane tools: Service Workbench (SWB) and Online Service Scheduling (OSS).
Assist dealers in improving LOF/MPVI cycle times to under an hourMeet defined metric goals for assigned dealers within a set geographic areaTrack metric progress of assigned dealers within a geographic area of responsibility, while qualifying and evaluating new candidates for service strategy implementationEnsure dealer processes are in place to gather local competitive dataEnsure proper Business Development Center (BDC) service department integrationInterface with District Sales, Service, Parts and Zone management to insure cross communication of dealer process changes underway and any opportunities for improvementShare best practices, ideas, success stories and analysis techniques via the SDM forumPosition requires 90% travel timeComplete other special assignments if necessaryQualificationsMSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read LessFor more than 25 years, MSX International has been a dedicated partner to leading automotive brands around the world. We support them in transforming their businesses and in managing their operations across the areas of Customer Experience, Repair Optimization, Learning and Insights. We focus on helping our clients generate more value for their customers. With over 5,000 employees based in more than 80 countries worldwide, our teams provide industry-leading expertise. We have combined our deep industry expertise with cutting-edge technology solutions to help our automotive clients increase revenue and reduce costs, while enhancing operational efficiency and improving customer satisfaction. Our goal is to help our customers reach their full potential and to excel as their global partner of choice.
Job DescriptionMSX International is seeking dynamic individuals to join our team. As a Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you’ll play a crucial role in the professional delivery, installation, and sustainment of the Ford/MSX International Mobile Service Program. Our goal is to improve dealership performance and drive sustained growth.
What Your Day-to- Day Responsibilities Include:
As the Mobile Service Solutions Specialist, you will:
Be the subject matter expert and primary contact for all things related to Mobile Service for your assigned dealers. Understand how Mobile Service vehicle’s function and train technicians on their features. Facilitate strategic planning sessions with dealers to create business plans for success. Ensure dealers are ready to launch vans promptly upon arrival. Conduct launch events, aligning on business goals and training Mobile Service Technicians. Plan and execute tailored onsite sustainment meetings focused on Mobile Service business development with a consultative approach.Develop action plans to exceed program goals, focusing on service processes. Teach program standards and key success drivers with dealers. Monitor and motivate dealership Mobile Service personnel to provide excellent customer experiences. Create visit summaries and action plans for stakeholders. QualificationsQualified candidates must be highly motivated, self-starters who possess excellent customer relationship, communication and facilitation skills, with a high degree of interest in working in a field environment with minimal supervision. The successful candidate must also reflect an exceptional track record and attributes that includes:
Minimum of High School diploma or equivalent experience.Willingness to travel daily for work. Ability to adapt to different locations and engage with various audiences (MSX, Ford, Dealer). Proficiency in communication and relationship-building. Have OEM dealer contact experience (a plus). Successfully managed assigned territories or regions. Possess excellent verbal and written communication skills. Demonstrate proficiency with PC applications (Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Excel, MS Teams and Internet Explorer). Can leverage relationships to identify and sell the business case for change. Analyze data from dealer financials and operational assessments to establish action plans. Ability to lift and carry up to 40lbs.Ability to access and climb in & out of the Mobile Service Van during Mobile Service Trainings.Ability to stand or walk on hard surfaces for up to 2hrs at a time without breaks.Ability to understand, establish and implement effective metrics to keep dealerships focused on revenue growth and profitability.Ability to influence the service personnel and mobile service technicians in the training processes and monitoring the results.85% Travel required Weekly.
Overnight travel required.
Have ability to equally accommodate working from home office or remote location.
MSX International is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer committed to employing a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability and protected veteran status, age, or any other characteristic protected by law.
Read Less